diff --git a/docs/结构.md b/docs/结构.md
index 42a4571..7b6b1a8 100644
--- a/docs/结构.md
+++ b/docs/结构.md
@@ -449,6 +449,8 @@ Jev 是一个判别器，和程序检查地位相同，不单独成一种记录
 **字段定义**
 
 - `ResearchConfig`（字段定义）：research.json 的全部字段，全部必填，不认识的字段报错。每个字段带中文说明（`description`）和类别（`category`：用户配置或方法参数），配置对话照着它问，不另写一份。`models` 里除了各角色的模型，还有 Jev 用的模型名（`models.jev`，用户配置）；Jev 的密钥不进配置，从环境变量读。流程是两选一：完整流程写四个开关、选批规则、它才用得到的 λ、u、衰减；朴素循环只写 `preset`，别的都写不进去。
+  - 研究编号 `studyId` 只许小写字母、数字和 `._-`，首字符是小写字母或数字：它会进 Docker 镜像名，镜像名只认小写。（来源：用户 2026-10-03 同意，任务书 13）
+  - `task`、`promptDir` 必须是绝对路径：从别的目录接着跑一份研究时，相对路径会读到别处，而任务目录没有哈希核对挡着。（来源：用户 2026-10-03 同意，任务书 13）
 - `FIELD_CATEGORIES`、`FieldCategory`：字段的两种类别，用户配置、方法参数。
 - `THINKING_LEVELS`、`ThinkingLevel`：Pi 0.85.1 接受的七个思考档位，出处写在代码注释里；config 不能引用 Pi，所以照抄一份。
 
diff --git a/eval/lib/study.ts b/eval/lib/study.ts
index e49c86c..d3b3d1f 100644
--- a/eval/lib/study.ts
+++ b/eval/lib/study.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { execFileSync, spawn, type ChildProcess } from "node:child_process";
 import { existsSync, mkdirSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
-import { join, resolve } from "node:path";
+import { join } from "node:path";
 
 // 检验脚本共用的起研究工具：检验目录放在仓库外，配置照用户的写法写一份，研究在子进程里跑（要能被 SIGKILL）。
 
@@ -15,15 +15,10 @@ export function newEvalDir(name: string): string {
   return dir;
 }
 
-/**
- * 照一份底稿写这次检验用的 research.json：换研究编号（容器名、镜像标签都带它），需要时换各角色模型；
- * 任务目录、提示词目录写成绝对路径（底稿里相对仓库根目录），这样配置文件放在仓库外也指得对。
- */
+/** 照一份底稿写这次检验用的 research.json：换研究编号（容器名、镜像标签都带它），需要时换各角色模型。 */
 export function writeConfig(base: string, path: string, studyId: string, models: unknown): string {
   const config = JSON.parse(readFileSync(base, "utf8")) as Record<string, unknown>;
   config["studyId"] = studyId;
-  config["task"] = resolve(config["task"] as string);
-  config["promptDir"] = resolve(config["promptDir"] as string);
   if (models !== null) config["models"] = models;
   writeFileSync(path, `${JSON.stringify(config, null, 2)}\n`);
   return path;
diff --git a/eval/round-zero/quality.ts b/eval/round-zero/quality.ts
index 7a481a4..3c6e139 100644
--- a/eval/round-zero/quality.ts
+++ b/eval/round-zero/quality.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import { join } from "node:path";
-import { ask, THRESHOLD_NOTE, type Answer, type Noul } from "../lib/jev.ts";
+import { ask, THRESHOLD, THRESHOLD_NOTE, type Answer, type Noul } from "../lib/jev.ts";
 import { entriesIn, entryDecision, readLedger, stages, type Entry } from "../lib/ledger.ts";
 import { ENTRY_ONLY, LEADS_TO_IDEA, SAME_KIND, STOPS_AT_DEAD_END, TASKS } from "./questions.ts";
 
@@ -56,14 +56,29 @@ function query(site: string, ids: string[], state: Record<string, unknown>, ques
   }
   return cache.get(key)!;
 }
-const yes = async (p: Promise<Answer[]>, question: string) => (await p).find((a) => a.question === question)!.yes;
+const answer = async (p: Promise<Answer[]>, question: string) => (await p).find((a) => a.question === question)!;
+const yes = async (p: Promise<Answer[]>, question: string) => (await answer(p, question)).yes;
 
 const ideaState = (e: Entry, idea: Idea) => ({ task: TASKS.idea, entry: show(e), idea: { description: idea.description } });
 const leadsTo = (e: Entry, idea: Idea) => yes(query("leads", [e.id, idea.id], ideaState(e, idea), LEADS_TO_IDEA), "leads_to_idea");
 const staysIn = (e: Entry, idea: Idea) => yes(query("stays", [e.id, idea.id], ideaState(e, idea), STOPS_AT_DEAD_END), "stays_within_idea");
 const entryOnly = (e: Entry, question: string) => yes(query("entry", [e.id], { task: TASKS.entry, entry: show(e) }, ENTRY_ONLY), question);
-const sameKind = (a: Entry, b: Entry) =>
-  yes(query("pair", [a.id, b.id], { task: TASKS.pair, entry_a: show(a), entry_b: show(b) }, SAME_KIND), "same_kind_of_change");
+const pairProbability = async (a: Entry, b: Entry) =>
+  (await answer(query("pair", [a.id, b.id], { task: TASKS.pair, entry_a: show(a), entry_b: show(b) }, SAME_KIND), "same_kind_of_change"))
+    .probability;
+
+/** 一对入口是不是同一条路：问题本身对称，所以 A、B 和 B、A 各问一次，取两次概率的平均再比阈值（任务书 13 第一部分第 3 条）。 */
+type PairJudgement = { pair: [string, string]; ab: number; ba: number; mean: number; same: boolean };
+async function sameKind(a: Entry, b: Entry): Promise<PairJudgement> {
+  const [ab, ba] = await Promise.all([pairProbability(a, b), pairProbability(b, a)]);
+  const mean = (ab + ba) / 2;
+  return { pair: [a.id, b.id], ab, ba, mean, same: mean > THRESHOLD };
+}
+type PairsResult = { pairs: PairJudgement[]; same: string[][] };
+async function judgePairs(pairs: Array<readonly [Entry, Entry]>): Promise<PairsResult> {
+  const judged = await Promise.all(pairs.map(([a, b]) => sameKind(a, b)));
+  return { pairs: judged, same: judged.filter((j) => j.same).map((j) => j.pair) };
+}
 
 async function coverage(list: Entry[]): Promise<Record<string, string[]>> {
   const out: Record<string, string[]> = {};
@@ -73,11 +88,10 @@ async function coverage(list: Entry[]): Promise<Record<string, string[]>> {
   }
   return out;
 }
-async function overlap(list: Entry[]): Promise<{ pairs: number; same: string[][]; ratio: number | null }> {
-  const pairs = list.flatMap((a, i) => list.slice(i + 1).filter((b) => b.author !== a.author).map((b) => [a, b] as const));
-  const hits = await Promise.all(pairs.map(([a, b]) => sameKind(a, b)));
-  const same = pairs.filter((_, i) => hits[i]).map(([a, b]) => [a.id, b.id]);
-  return { pairs: pairs.length, same, ratio: pairs.length === 0 ? null : same.length / pairs.length };
+/** 重合度：不同作者的入口两两成对，判"是"的对数占总对数的比例。 */
+async function overlap(list: Entry[]): Promise<PairsResult & { ratio: number | null }> {
+  const judged = await judgePairs(list.flatMap((a, i) => list.slice(i + 1).filter((b) => b.author !== a.author).map((b) => [a, b] as const)));
+  return { ...judged, ratio: judged.pairs.length === 0 ? null : judged.same.length / judged.pairs.length };
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -89,8 +103,8 @@ const covFinal = await coverage(final);
 const q1 = { coverage: covFinal, pass: covFinal["K1"]!.length > 0 };
 
 const assignedPairs = assigned.flatMap((a, i) => assigned.slice(i + 1).map((b) => [a, b] as const));
-const pairHits = await Promise.all(assignedPairs.map(([a, b]) => sameKind(a, b)));
-const q2 = { same: assignedPairs.filter((_, i) => pairHits[i]).map(([a, b]) => [a.id, b.id]), pass: !pairHits.some(Boolean) };
+const assignedJudged = await judgePairs(assignedPairs);
+const q2 = { ...assignedJudged, pass: assignedJudged.same.length === 0 };
 
 const assignedK1 = await Promise.all(assigned.map((e) => leadsTo(e, k1)));
 const deadEnd = await Promise.all(
@@ -134,13 +148,14 @@ const report = {
 writeFileSync(join(out, "quality.json"), `${JSON.stringify(report, null, 2)}\n`);
 
 const mark = (b: boolean) => (b ? "通过" : "不通过");
-const ratio = (o: { pairs: number; same: string[][]; ratio: number | null }) => `${o.same.length}/${o.pairs}${o.ratio === null ? "" : `（${(o.ratio * 100).toFixed(0)}%）`}`;
+const ratio = (o: PairsResult & { ratio: number | null }) => `${o.same.length}/${o.pairs.length}${o.ratio === null ? "" : `（${(o.ratio * 100).toFixed(0)}%）`}`;
 const count = (c: Record<string, string[]>) => Object.entries(c).map(([k, v]) => `${k}:${v.length}`).join(" ");
 console.log(`（${THRESHOLD_NOTE}）`);
 console.log(`入口全体：${final.map((e) => `${e.id} ${e.name}`).join("\n          ")}`);
 console.log(`分到的入口：${report.assignment.map((a) => `${a.researcher} → ${a.entry}（第 ${a.rank} 志愿）${a.name}`).join("\n          ")}`);
 console.log(`1 方向对不对：${mark(q1.pass)}；覆盖 ${count(covFinal)}`);
-console.log(`2 分没分开：${mark(q2.pass)}；判"是"的对 ${JSON.stringify(q2.same)}`);
+const pairLine = (j: PairJudgement) => `${j.pair.join("、")}：${j.ab.toFixed(2)}／${j.ba.toFixed(2)}，平均 ${j.mean.toFixed(2)}`;
+console.log(`2 分没分开：${mark(q2.pass)}；判"是"的对 ${JSON.stringify(q2.same)}；每对两个顺序的概率\n          ${q2.pairs.map(pairLine).join("\n          ")}`);
 console.log(`3 好方向分出去没有：${mark(q3.pass)}；指向 K1 的 ${JSON.stringify(q3.k1)}，停在死路的 ${JSON.stringify(q3.deadEnds)}`);
 console.log(`4 改代码的路线：${mark(q4.pass)}；不是的 ${JSON.stringify(q4.notCodeRoute)}`);
 console.log(`5 有没有写答案：${mark(q5pass)}；分到的里写了的 ${JSON.stringify(q5.assignedWritingAnswer)}，入口全体里写了的 ${JSON.stringify(q5.allWritingAnswer)}`);
diff --git a/eval/round-zero/research.json b/eval/round-zero/research.json
index 5a1f2aa..7b0881a 100644
--- a/eval/round-zero/research.json
+++ b/eval/round-zero/research.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "studyId": "r0-eval",
-  "task": "tasks/circle_packing",
+  "task": "/home/iomgaa/Projects/InfoRSI/tasks/circle_packing",
   "models": {
     "researchers": [
       { "provider": "iomgaa", "model": "glm-5.3", "thinking": "medium" },
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
   "factorLimit": 3,
   "maxRepairs": 1,
   "lightChecks": { "maxCount": 2, "seconds": 5 },
-  "promptDir": "prompts",
+  "promptDir": "/home/iomgaa/Projects/InfoRSI/prompts",
   "devEntry": false,
   "flow": {
     "preset": "full",
diff --git a/src/config/check.ts b/src/config/check.ts
index 224acf7..efed712 100644
--- a/src/config/check.ts
+++ b/src/config/check.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,12 @@ const TYPE_TEXT: Readonly<Record<string, string>> = {
   null: "null",
 };
 
+/** schema.ts 里文字字段、路径字段的格式，换成人读得懂的话。 */
+const PATTERN_TEXT: Readonly<Record<string, string>> = {
+  "\\S": "不能为空，也不能只有空白",
+  "^/": "必须是绝对路径（以 / 开头）",
+};
+
 function reasonOf(e: SchemaError): string {
   const p = e.params as Record<string, unknown>;
   switch (e.keyword) {
@@ -39,7 +45,7 @@ function reasonOf(e: SchemaError): string {
     case "minItems":
       return `至少要有 ${String(p.limit)} 项`;
     case "pattern":
-      return p.pattern === "\\S" ? "不能为空，也不能只有空白" : `格式不对，应符合 ${String(p.pattern)}`;
+      return PATTERN_TEXT[String(p.pattern)] ?? `格式不对，应符合 ${String(p.pattern)}`;
     default:
       return e.message;
   }
diff --git a/src/config/schema.ts b/src/config/schema.ts
index ba255d5..e7c65c3 100644
--- a/src/config/schema.ts
+++ b/src/config/schema.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { Type, type Static, type TSchema } from "typebox";
 import { BATCH_RULES, CELL_RULES, type BatchRuleName, type CellRuleName } from "../rules/index.ts";
-import { Id } from "../vocab/index.ts";
 
 // research.json 的字段定义（docs/结构.md 第二部分、第五部分"方法参数""步骤开关"）。
 // 每个字段都必填，不写默认值；不认识的字段报错。可以没有的值写 null（目前没有这样的字段）。
@@ -15,6 +14,11 @@ export type FieldCategory = (typeof FIELD_CATEGORIES)[number];
 const CLOSED = { additionalProperties: false } as const;
 /** 文字字段：不能为空，也不能只有空白。 */
 const TEXT = { pattern: "\\S" };
+/**
+ * 路径字段必须是绝对路径：从别的目录接着跑一份研究时，相对路径会读到别处，而任务目录没有哈希核对挡着
+ * （任务书 13 第一部分第 2 条）。
+ */
+const ABSOLUTE_PATH = { pattern: "^/" };
 
 function user<T extends TSchema>(schema: T, description: string): T {
   return { ...schema, description, category: "用户配置" };
@@ -127,8 +131,14 @@ const PositiveInteger = Type.Integer({ minimum: 1 });
 
 export const ResearchConfig = Type.Object(
   {
-    studyId: user(Id, "研究编号：决定的种子由它和轮次、版本算出；只许字母、数字和 ._-，首字符是字母或数字"),
-    task: user(Type.String(TEXT), "用哪个任务：任务目录的路径。指标、方向、ε、时限等任务事实写在任务目录里"),
+    studyId: user(
+      Type.String({ pattern: "^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]{0,127}$" }),
+      "研究编号：决定的种子由它和轮次、版本算出，Docker 镜像名也带它，所以只许小写字母、数字和 ._-，首字符是小写字母或数字",
+    ),
+    task: user(
+      Type.String(ABSOLUTE_PATH),
+      "用哪个任务：任务目录的绝对路径。指标、方向、ε、时限等任务事实写在任务目录里",
+    ),
     models: user(
       Type.Object(
         {
@@ -172,7 +182,10 @@ export const ResearchConfig = Type.Object(
       ),
       "轻量检查的次数与时长上限：只用来检查语法、接口和极小的样例，不能借它跑正式规模的求解",
     ),
-    promptDir: method(Type.String(TEXT), "提示词目录：各角色的角色提示词和各类任务消息放在这里"),
+    promptDir: method(
+      Type.String(ABSOLUTE_PATH),
+      "提示词目录的绝对路径：各角色的角色提示词和各类任务消息放在这里",
+    ),
     devEntry: method(
       Type.Boolean(),
       "开发入口（方法.md 第九部分）：正式研究写 false；开发调试时才写 true，打开过的研究不能当验收证据",
diff --git a/tests/config-check.test.ts b/tests/config-check.test.ts
index e5152f2..1ae7573 100644
--- a/tests/config-check.test.ts
+++ b/tests/config-check.test.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ test("类型或取值不对报错，带字段路径", () => {
     [(c) => (c.runs = 0), /^\/runs：不能小于 1$/m],
     [(c) => (c.batchLimit = 1.5), /^\/batchLimit：应为整数$/m],
     [(c) => (c.studyId = "../x"), /^\/studyId：格式不对/m],
-    [(c) => (c.task = "  "), /^\/task：不能为空，也不能只有空白$/m],
+    [(c) => (c.task = "  "), /^\/task：必须是绝对路径（以 \/ 开头）$/m],
     [(c) => (c.devEntry = "false"), /^\/devEntry：应为true 或 false$/m],
     [(c) => ((c.models as Obj).researchers = []), /^\/models\/researchers：至少要有 1 项$/m],
     [(c) => (((c.models as Obj).verifier as Obj).thinking = null), /^\/models\/verifier\/thinking：只能是 "off"、"minimal"、"low"、"medium"、"high"、"xhigh"、"max" 之一$/m],
@@ -91,6 +91,32 @@ test("类型或取值不对报错，带字段路径", () => {
   }
 });
 
+test("研究编号带大写报错：它会进 Docker 镜像名，镜像名只认小写", () => {
+  for (const id of ["Circle-1", "circle-A", "R0"]) {
+    const config = fullConfig() as unknown as Obj;
+    config.studyId = id;
+    const message = errorOf(config);
+    assert.match(message, /^\/studyId：格式不对/m);
+    assert.match(message, /共 1 处/, message);
+  }
+});
+
+test("任务目录、提示词目录写相对路径报错，报错写明字段路径", () => {
+  const cases: Array<[string, string]> = [
+    ["task", "tasks/circle_packing"],
+    ["task", "./tasks/circle_packing"],
+    ["promptDir", "prompts"],
+    ["promptDir", "../InfoRSI/prompts"],
+  ];
+  for (const [field, path] of cases) {
+    const config = fullConfig() as unknown as Obj;
+    config[field] = path;
+    const message = errorOf(config);
+    assert.match(message, new RegExp(`^/${field}：必须是绝对路径（以 / 开头）$`, "m"));
+    assert.match(message, /共 1 处/, message);
+  }
+});
+
 test("Jev 模型必填：少了、写 null、写空白都报错，不补 jev-latest", () => {
   const missing = fullConfig() as unknown as Obj;
   delete (missing.models as Obj).jev;
diff --git a/tests/config-helpers.ts b/tests/config-helpers.ts
index 120db57..21eaf13 100644
--- a/tests/config-helpers.ts
+++ b/tests/config-helpers.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { join } from "node:path";
 import type { ResearchConfig } from "../src/config/index.ts";
 
 // 两份写全的合法配置：完整流程一份、朴素循环一份。数值取方法.md 6.11 的现行值和参考项目真实用过的配置
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ const glm = { provider: "iomgaa", model: "glm-5.3", thinking: "medium" } as cons
 export function fullConfig(): ResearchConfig {
   return {
     studyId: "circle-full-1",
-    task: "tasks/circle_packing",
+    task: join(import.meta.dirname, "..", "tasks", "circle_packing"),
     models: {
       researchers: [{ ...glm }, { ...glm }, { ...glm }],
       experimenter: { ...glm },
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ export function fullConfig(): ResearchConfig {
     factorLimit: 3,
     maxRepairs: 1,
     lightChecks: { maxCount: 2, seconds: 5 },
-    promptDir: "prompts",
+    promptDir: join(import.meta.dirname, "..", "prompts"),
     devEntry: false,
     flow: {
       preset: "full",